Showing posts with label wood. Show all posts
Showing posts with label wood. Show all posts

Friday, June 5, 2026

Make Stuff Up

 

A clearer future: Researchers unveil transparent, plastic-free wood
Feb 2026, phys.org

There was a lot of work coming out related to wood, like black wood, clear wood, wood stronger than steel, and I'm not sure what happened to all that. 

Wood is normally opaque because it contains lignin and countless microscopic air cavities called lumens, which scatter light. Removing lignin turns wood white and translucent but achieving true transparency has been challenging.

The research team focused on delignified wood treated with potassium hydroxide (KOH). They discovered that alkali treatment removes most of the remaining hemicellulose and changes the chemical state of carboxyl groups in the cell walls. These changes soften the wood's internal cellulose microfibril skeleton. When the treated wood is dried, the softened cell walls collapse more completely, reducing internal air gaps and dramatically decreasing light scattering. As a result, the material becomes highly transparent—without polymer impregnation or plastic additives.

via University of Osaka: Hitomi Yagyu et al, Anisotropic Transparency of Alkali‐Treated Wood, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering (2026). DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500389



AI-designed diffractive optical processors pave the way for low-power structural health monitoring
Mar 2026, phys.org

Probably read carefully, this is complicated.

Structural Health Monitoring - Instead of relying on traditional sensor networks that digitize raw physical signals, the new system uses a passive, optimized diffractive layer attached to the target structure. As the structure oscillates, this optimized diffractive surface moves, modulating an incoming illuminating wave to encode the structural displacements into light, which is then captured by a few optical detectors and rapidly decoded by a low-power neural network.

via UCLA Engineering Institute for Technology Advancement: Yuntian Wang et al, Structural vibration monitoring with diffractive optical processors, Science Advances (2026). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aea1712


What Chinese characters can tell us about designing strong materials
Apr 2026, phys.org

So what about graffiti?

"Certain Chinese characters have strong, distinctive geometries, and these are shapes that 'felt' like they could exhibit unique mechanical properties and behaviors." 

The presence of curves, crossbeams, and gradation, and the fact that they fit into discrete square cells makes Chinese characters especially fit for creating functional, structural unit cells.

via American Institute of Physics and University of Edinburgh: Mechanical metamaterials built from Chinese characters, The Journal of Applied Physics (2026). DOI: 10.1063/5.0304459


Texas startup uses robots to build homes out of clay and soil
May 2026, KXAN Austin

Startup Terran Robotics - they're literally grabbing dirt from the ground at the site and using it to build the house, using robots to do "rammed earth" construction, which is, interestingly, also the building style most often used in the self-sustainable Earthships of the American Southwest. 


How cement 'breathes in' and stores millions of tons of CO₂ a year
Dec 2025, phys.org

The cement in U.S. buildings and infrastructure sequesters over 6.5 million metric tons of CO2 annually. This corresponds to roughly 13% of the process emissions in U.S. cement manufacturing. In Mexico, the same building stock sequesters about 5 million tons a year.

A concrete highway in Dallas sequesters CO2 differently than Mexico City apartments made from concrete masonry units (CMUs). A foundation slab buried under the snow in Fairbanks, Alaska, "breathes in" CO2 at a different pace entirely.

"Carbon uptake is very sensitive to context. Four major factors drive it: the type of cement used, the product we make with it (concrete, CMUs, or mortar), the geometry of the structure, and the climate and conditions it's exposed to. Even within the same structure, uptake can vary five-fold between different elements."

"We observed something unique about Mexico: Despite using half the cement that the U.S. does, the country has three-quarters of the uptake. This is because Mexico makes more use of mortar and lower-strength concrete, and bagged cement mixed on-site. These practices are why their uptake sequesters about a quarter of their cement manufacturing emissions."

"Increasing the amount of surface area exposed to air accelerates uptake and can be achieved by foregoing painting or tiling, or choosing designs like waffle slabs with a higher surface area-to-volume ratio. Additionally, avoiding unnecessarily stronger, less-porous concrete mixtures than required would speed up uptake while using less cement."

via MIT Concrete Sustainability Hub: Hessam AzariJafari et al, Carbon uptake dynamics of cement-based materials: Linking market structure, material use, and the carbon cycle, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2025). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2515116122

Wednesday, July 3, 2024

Modern Wood


Transparent wood could soon replace plastics
Oct 2022, phys.org

"Transparent wood as a material can replace the environmentally harmful petroleum-based plastics such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylic, polyethylene, etc."

Originally fabricated in 1992 by German scientist Siegfried Fink and since improved upon by other researchers, transparent wood is made by removing the lignin content in wood and replacing it with transparent, plastic materials.

"Plastics are used as a substitute for glass which is (naturally) fragile. However, transparent wood is an even better alternative from an ecological perspective as observed in our life-cycle analysis."

via Indian Institute of Technology: Rohit Rai et al, Life cycle assessment of transparent wood production using emerging technologies and strategic scale-up framework, Science of The Total Environment (2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157301



Lignin nanoparticles: A sustainable recipe for combining cellulose with hydrophobic polymers for advanced applications
Nov 2022, phys.org

They use polycaprolactone as a compatabilizer.

We're really just here for the word - compatabilizer

via Aalto University in Finalnd: Erfan Kimiaei et al, Lignin Nanoparticles as an Interfacial Modulator in Tough and Multi‐Resistant Cellulose–Polycaprolactone Nanocomposites Based on a Pickering Emulsions Strategy, Advanced Materials Interfaces (2022). DOI: 10.1002/admi.202200988


How wood is making a comeback in construction
Jan 2024, phys.org

"Mass timber" is a category of engineered wood product.

The most recent version of the International Building Code included a construction type in buildings up to 18 stories. A record-setting 25-story-tall hybrid mass timber and concrete building has been built in Wisconsin, and Utah has a five-story building under construction in Draper.

via University of Utah: Emily Williamson et al, Design and Cyclic Experiments of a Mass Timber Frame with a Timber Buckling Restrained Brace, Journal of Structural Engineering (2023). DOI: 10.1061/JSENDH.STENG-12363


Researchers develop 3D-printed wood from its own natural components
Mar 2024, phys.org

The additive-free, water-based ink made of lignin and cellulose can be used to produce architecturally intricate wood structures via a 3D printing technique known as direct ink writing.

The payoff not only exhibited close similarities to natural wood in texture but also in scent and strength, and mechanical tests revealed compressive and bending strengths that surpassed those of natural balsa wood.

via Rice University: Md Shajedul Hoque Thakur et al, Three-dimensional printing of wood, Science Advances (2024). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk3250