Showing posts with label placebo. Show all posts
Showing posts with label placebo. Show all posts

Tuesday, June 9, 2026

Believe It or Not Everything Is Made of Plastic


This title is supposed to be a joke, and a pun, because artificial spacetime is obviously "plastic", in the original sense of the word. But really, just about anything called "natural" is actually made of petrochemicals and other industrial by-products, because people who buy words instead of things can't tell the difference! 
 
Microrobots overcome navigational limitations with the help of 'artificial spacetimes'
Nov 2025, phys.org

Researchers found that the robots' motion is formally identical to the path light takes in general relativity, which allowed them to develop a mathematical framework mapping robot motion to geodesics in a curved spacetime defined by a control field — as in other reactive control methods. The team used conformal transformations to map complex environments to simple virtual spaces, then designed control fields and mapped them back. They refer to the resulting geometric framework as "artificial spacetimes."

via University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering: William H. Reinhardt et al, Artificial spacetimes for reactive control of resource-limited robots, npj Robotics (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s44182-025-00058-9

Image credit: Also fake


Bamboo dishes may leach pesticides and melamine into food
Nov 2025, phys.org

"The 'natural' label can be dangerously misleading. Many of these products are essentially plastic dishes made from melamine-formaldehyde resin containing bamboo filler. Our research shows this combination can accelerate the polymer's degradation and increase the migration of harmful substances like melamine, especially into hot or acidic foods and drinks."

  • Melamine was present in 32% of the tested products; 33 bio-based dishes including bowls, cups, and dining sets purchased from markets in the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, and China. 
  • Six of the bamboo-based products released melamine above the European Union specific migration limit (SML) of 2.5 mg/kg. 
  • Melamine leached into common beverages, including hot lemon tea and orange juice, highlighting a direct route of consumer exposure.
  • Several bio-based dishes, particularly those made from cereals, contained residues of pesticides.
  • Disinfectants were the primary residues found in the bamboo-based items.

Although the use of bamboo as an additive in plastic food contact materials has been banned in the EU since 2021 due to these risks, the study confirms that these items are still available for purchase. The research highlights the false advertising common with these products, which are often labeled as "100% bamboo" or "biodegradable" despite being composed of a plastic resin.

via University of Chemistry and Technology Prague: Kamila Bechynska et al, Comprehensive assessment of bamboo and other bio-based dishes contamination, Food Control (2025). DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111188


Why strange cures made sense in mysterious times
Dec 2025, phys.org

"We wanted to know whether the logic of folk medicine followed psychological patterns and it does. The more uncertain or mysterious the illness, the more likely the cure involved magic or religion."

Researchers from Brunel University of London have mined a rare archive of 3,655 folk cures, collected in the 1930s, from an extraordinary national folklore project launched in Ireland. About 50,000 schoolchildren were asked to interview parents, grandparents and neighbors about local history, beliefs and cures. Teachers then transcribed the accounts, creating one of the most detailed records of oral folk medicine ever compiled. They were recently digitized. 

To make sense of the archive, researchers focused on 35 diseases and asked two doctors to rate each one according to how understandable it would have seemed to a layperson at the time, both in terms of what caused the illness and what was going on in the body. Obvious cases like cuts and sprains were marked as "certain"; conditions like tuberculosis, warts, or epilepsy were labeled more mysterious.

"It's pretty unsatisfying just not having a solution of any form. When there aren't particularly good medical solutions, I expect people will keep searching for something that makes sense."

via Brunel University of London Center for Culture and Evolution: Mícheál de Barra et al, Mysterious illnesses have supernatural and ritualistic cures: Evidence from 3,655 century-old Irish folk cures, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2025). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2511006122


FDA-cleared brain stimulation device for ADHD is not effective
Jan 2026, phys.org

(I really believe that placebo is about to take over the mental health field, and that the field will be completely blindsided by it)

"There is a large placebo effect with high-tech brain therapies, in particular for patients and families that have an expectation that they can adjust brain differences associated with ADHD. It is hence paramount to control for placebo effects in modern brain therapies to avoid false hopes."

via King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience: Conti, A.A. et al. External trigeminal nerve stimulation in youth with ADHD: a randomized, sham-controlled, phase 2b trial, Nature Medicine (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-04075-x


The next generation of disinformation: AI swarms can threaten democracy by manufacturing fake public consensus
Jan 2026, phys.org

  • Synthetic consensus - the illusion that "everyone is saying this"
  • Fabricated chatter - fake people talking 
  • AI swarm - set of AI-controlled agents that maintain persistent identities and memory; coordinate toward shared objectives while varying tone and content; adapt in real time to engagement and human responses; operate with minimal oversight; and deploy across platforms. 
  • Bonus: fake chatter can contaminate training data, extending its influence

via University of Konstanz: Daniel Thilo Schroeder et al, How malicious AI swarms can threaten democracy, Science (2026). DOI: 10.1126/science.adz1697


Monday, November 24, 2025

Believe Me It Works


Placebo is magic. It's what makes 4 pills stronger than 2 pills of the same overall dose. It's what makes an injection stronger than a pill of the same thing. It's what makes "trust me I'm a doctor" work better than "sorry this is my first time doing this". It sure seems like something that has no business being in the field of medicine, or in scientific journals, or your local hospital, but it is, and because it has to be, because it's real. I mean, it's fake, but it's real, because it works. And that's because we, as humans, are weird as hell. And being susceptible to false beliefs is actually a survival trait. (But is there such thing as a false belief?)


How the placebo effect tricks the mind into relieving pain
May 2025, phys.org

The team found that the placebo effect occurred as a result of brain signals related to the endogenous opioid system in the medial prefrontal cortex, a region at the front of the brain, which in the presence of the placebo injections set off the descending pain inhibitory system.

via RIKEN: Hiroyuki Neyama et al, Opioidergic activation of the descending pain inhibitory system underlies placebo analgesia, Science Advances (2025). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp8494



Gluten sensitivity linked to gut–brain interaction, not gluten itself, study finds
Oct 2025, phys.org

I'll take "other ways to say it's all in your head" for 100

  • This is about non-celiac gluten sensitivity or NCGS.
  • "Gluten sensitivity is not actually about gluten but part of the way the gut and brain interact."
  • "Contrary to popular belief, most people with NCGS aren't reacting to gluten." 
  • "Our findings show that symptoms are more often triggered by fermentable carbohydrates, commonly known as FODMAPs, by other wheat components or by people's expectations and prior experiences with food."
  • "Across recent studies, people with IBS who believe they're gluten-sensitive react similarly to gluten, wheat, and placebo. This suggests that how people anticipate and interpret gut sensations can strongly influence their symptoms." 

Later on:
Overall, people's responses were no different from when they were given a placebo.

Seriously how many other words do we need to use to hide the fact that they're saying no, there's no evidence of this happening?

via University of Melbourne: Jessica R Biesiekierski et al, Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, The Lancet (2025). DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01533-8


Meditation retreat rapidly reprograms body and mind, brain monitoring reveals
Nov 2025, phys.org

Open Label Placebo - participants knowingly take part in healing activities presented as placebos with no active medical ingredient, but which can still produce real benefits through the power of expectation, social connection and shared practices.

20 healthy adults attended a 7-day residential program featuring daily lecture sessions, approximately 33 hours of guided meditation and group healing practices. Before and after the retreat, participants had their brains scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and had blood testing. 

The researchers observed several major changes after the retreat:
  • Brain network changes: Meditation during the retreat reduced activity in parts of the brain associated with mental chatter, making brain function more efficient overall.
  • Enhanced neuroplasticity: When applied to laboratory-grown neurons, blood plasma from post-retreat participants made brain cells grow longer branches and form new connections.
  • Metabolic shifts: Cells treated with post-retreat plasma showed an increase in glycolytic (sugar-burning) metabolism, indicating a more flexible and adaptive metabolic state.
  • Natural pain relief: Blood levels of endogenous opioids—the body's natural painkillers—increased after the retreat, indicating that the body's natural pain-relief systems were activated.
  • Immune activation: Meditation increased inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune signals simultaneously, suggesting a complex, adaptive immune response rather than a simple suppression or activation.
  • Gene and molecular signaling changes: Small RNA and gene activity in blood shifted after the retreat, particularly in pathways related to brain function.
  • Limitations - this was done with all healthy participants

via University of California San Diego: Alex Jinich-Diamant et al, Neural and molecular changes during a mind-body reconceptualization, meditation, and open label placebo healing intervention, Communications Biology (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s42003-025-09088-3

Post Script - Nocebo is the evil twin of Placebo, and it happens when you think a medication or treatment will make you worse, and they use instead of the medication a placebo, and it still makes your condition worse.

Etymology - early 13c., name given to the rite of Vespers of the Office of the Dead, so called from the opening of the first antiphon, "I will please the Lord in the land of the living" (Psalm cxvi.9, in Vulgate Placebo Domino in regione vivorum), from Latin placebo "I shall please," future indicative of placere "to please" ... Medical sense is recorded by 1785, "a medicine given more to please than to benefit the patient." Placebo effect is attested from 1900. (etymonline.com)